Webpage of the course
Physics of the Atmosphere and the Ocean
(L.M.
Fisica) - A.A. 2021/2022
Microsoft Teams Channel: contact the teacher
G.
Redaelli (gianluca.redaelli@aquila.infn.it)
L. Sangelantoni (lorenzo.sangelantoni@aquila.infn.it)
Orario/Lesson Timetable: contact the teacher
Ricevimento del docente/office hours: by appointment
Testi di riferimento/reference textbooks:
J. Wallace and P. Hobbs, Atmospheric Science: An introductory survey, Academic Press
Jacob D. J., Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry, Princeton University Press
Jacobson M. Z., Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling, Cambridge University Press
Calendario Lezioni/Lesson schedule
Part I - I Semester -
6 CFU/ECTS GEO12
1 |
Fr 1 October |
|
Introduction to the course. General characteristics of the Atmosphere. |
2 |
Mo 4 October |
General characteristics of the Atmosphere: mass, chemical composition, temperature, pressure, winds. Surface winds and SST. | |
3 |
Mo 11 October |
General characteristics of the Atmosphere: General Circulation and surface winds in an "Aquaplanet" approximation. | |
4 | We 13 October |
Atmospheric Thermodynamics: gas laws, hydrostatic equation, geopotential, scale height and hypsometric equation, reduction of pressure to sea level. | |
5 | We 20 October |
Atmospheric Thermodynamics: The first law of thermodynamics, Enthalpy and sensible heat, The Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate. | |
6 | Mo 25 October |
Atmospheric Thermodynamics: Potential Temperature and Static stability. | |
7 |
We 27 October |
Atmospheric Thermodynamics: Buoyancy oscillations and Brunt–Väisälä frequency. | |
8 | We 3 November |
Water Vapor in Air: Virtual Temperature and moisture parameters. | |
9 | We
10 November |
Water Vapor in Air: LCL and Pseudoadiabatic Processes, The Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate, Equivalent Potential Temperature, Conditional Instability. | |
10 | Mo
15 November |
Radiative
transfer:Black-body Radiation.
Properties of non-black materials. |
|
11 | Mo
22 November |
Calculation
of the Effective Emission
Temperature of the Earth. Greenhouse
effect. Radiative Forcing and
Climate Sensitivity. |
|
12 | We 24 November |
Radiative
transfer:Physics of Scattering
and Absorption and Emission. |
|
13 | Th
25 November |
Climate
Equilibria,
Sensitivity
and Feedback.
Climate
feedback
factors. |
|
14 | Mo 29 November |
Main Climate Feedbacks. The climate system. Transient versus equilibrium response. | |
15 | We 1 December |
Stable,
unstable and
multiple
equilibrium
states:
Daisyworld.
|
|
16 |
Fr 3 December |
Evidences
of the building of GHGs
and of global warming.
GHGs and GWP. Anthropogenic forcings. |
|
17 | Mo 6 December |
Atmospheric
Chemistry: Gas-phase
species, chemical
reactions,
and reaction rates.
Temperature and
pressure dependence
of rate
coefficients.
|
|
18 |
Tu 14 December |
Sets of reactions. Stiff systems. Chemical lifetimes and residence time. | |
19 | We 15 December |
1D Energy Balance Model for the calculation of Ts: numerical solution. | |
20 | Th 16 December |
1D
Energy Balance Model
for the calculation
of Ts: numerical
solution. Atmospheric Chemistry: Photostationary-state approximation. |
|
21 | Mo 20 December |
Chemical
families: general
characteristics and
calculation of
partition ratios. Stratospheric Ozone: the Chapman cycle. |
|
23 |
Mo 10 January |
The
Chapman cycle:
Steady state
solution and
calculation of
vertical profile.
Catalytic Ozone
loss cycles (HOx
and NOx)
|
|
24 |
Tu 11 January |
Catalytic
Ozone loss cycles
(NOx and ClOx). Vertical distribution and techniques for measuring Atmospheric Ozone. |
|
25 |
We 12 January |
Tropospheric Ozone: principal chemical reactions and NOx/HOx cycles. |
Parte II - II Semestre - 4 CFU/ECTS FIS06
26 |
Mo 28 February |
The
Antarctic Ozone
Hole: evolution
and experimental
evidences. Heterogeneous chemistry on PSC's surfaces. |
|
27 |
Fr 4 March |
The
Antarctic Ozone
Hole: dynamical
causes and
prediction for the
future. The Geochemical cycles. |
|
28 |
Mo
7 March |
Atmospheric Dynamics: elementary kinematic properties of the large-scale flow. | |
29 | Fr
18 March |
Atmospheric
Dynamics:
dynamics of the
horizontal flow.
Apparent and
real forces. The horizontal equation of motion. The Geostrophic wind. The effect of Friction. |
|
30 | Mo
21 March |
Atmospheric
Dynamics: The
Gradient wind
and the
Thermal wind.
Conservation laws for Vorticity. |
|
31 | Mo
28 March |
Atmospheric
Dynamics:
Barotropic and
Isentropic
Potential
Vorticity. The Primitive Equations. |
|
32 | Fr
1 April |
Atmospheric
Dynamics:
Inference of
the Vertical
Motion Field.
From Primitive equations to General Circulation in an Aquaplanet atmosphere |
|
33 | Fr
8 April |
Finite
grid vs
spectral
formulation
for AGCMs. The Ocean General Circulation. |
|
34 |
Mo
11 April |
Patterns and indices of Climate Variability: Main indices and statistical derivation. | |
35 | We
13 April |
Patterns and indices of Climate Variability: ENSO, AO, NAO, PDO. | |
36 | We
13 April |
Launch of a balloon with PTU sensors and ECC ozonesonde. | |
37 | We
27 April |
LS |
Introduction to the climate system. Climate change and variability, anthropic vs. natural forcing. Introduction to climate modeling. |
38 | Tu
5 May |
LS | Introduction to regional climate modeling. Dynamical downscaling, theory and practical applications. Exploring climate model outputs, the NetCDF file format for scientific computing. |
39 | Tu
12 May |
LS | Introduction Shell scripting for climate model outputs analysis. Slicing temporal and spatial dimensions of a climate simulation. CDO commands to handle and operates with NetCDF files. |
40 | We
1 June |
LS | Introduction to Matlab scripting to extract, statistically analyse and visualising regional climate model outputs. Analysis of temperature climate change signal of the European domain |